MINE LAYING (L/D)

 

MINE LAYING (L/D)

 

Paribhashayen

 

1.         Mine field nomenclature (naamawali) nimn hain:-

 

(a)       Mine. Kisi khas container mein band kiya hua woh high explosive jise mechanism ke bad munasib dabav ya khinchav ane par phat jata hai aur saath wale target ko bhi barbad kar deta hai. 

 

(b)       Mine Field (Surang Kshetra).  Yeh ek aisa chetra hai jismein pattern sahit ya uske bina surangen bichhi hoti hain.

 

(c)        Mine Field Depth (Gehrai).  Mine field ki gahrai.

 

(d)       Mine Field Frontage.  Mine field ki chaurai ko kahte hain.

 

(e)       Land mark.  Woh zamini nishan jiski sahayata se mine field lay kiya jata hai.

 

(f)        IMM Intermediate marker. Land marker aur SSM ke beech 150 mtr se jyada fasla ho  to IMM chuna jata hai. Taaki degree parne mein galti na ho.

 

(g)       SSM (Start Strip Marker). Strip ke shuru mein jo picket gari jati hai.

 

(h)       ESM (End Strip Marker). Strip ke ant mein jo picket gari jati hai.

 

(j)         IMP (Intermediate Picket).  SSM aur ESM ke beech har 50 m par jo picket gari jati hai.

 

(k)        TP (Turning Picket). Tape ki disha ko badli karne ke liye jo picket gari jati hai. 

 

(l)         Mine Strip. Tape ke dono taraf jo mine lagai jati hai use mine strip kahate hain. 

 

(m)      Mine Row.  Tape ke ek taraf minon ki jo katar banti hai use mine row kahte hain.

 

(n)       Density (Ghanatwa).  Ek metre chaurai (frontage) mein milne wali mineon ki tadad ko kahte hain. Yeh do kism ki hoti hai :-

 

(i)          Std density.

 

(ii)         Require density.     

ROAD mein Low density kam se kam iske anusar di jati hai.

 

2.         Low and standard Density

 

(a)       Low

 

(i)         A/pers Mine                            -          1/2 

(ii)        A/tk Mine                                -          1/6

(iii)       Fragmentation                      -          1/12

 

(b)       Std

 

(i)         A/pers                                     -           1

(ii)        A/tk                                         -           1/3

(iii)       Fragmentation                      -           1/12

 

(c)        Mine Field Lane (Surang Kshetra Galiara). Yeh kisi surang chhetra ka bina surang wala ya surang rahit marg hai (unmined or demined) jo surang se ya bahar se hokar jata hai. Yeh marg ek nischit chaurai ka hota hai aur paidal sena, wahanon ya tankon ke jane ke liye is par nishan laga hota  hai.

 

(i)         Infantry Safe Lanes (ISL).  Yeh Infantry patrols ko single file mein ane jane ke liye surang kshetra ke beech banaya jata hai. Iski chaurai 0.6 m (2 feet) hoti hai. Isko white cable aur Short Iron picket se lagaya jata hai.         

(ii)        Veh Safe Lanes (VSL).  Single file mein garion aur tankon ki harkat ke liye surang ke beech mein rasta. Amuman 6 m (20 feet) ka hota hai. yadi ground sandy ho ya jyada tadat mein tks gujarna hai tab  chaurai 12m (40 feet) ki hoti hai. Isko white tape aur Long Iron picket se mark kiya jata hai aur pickets par apani taraf LED lagai jati hai.   

 

(d)       Mine Field Gaps (Surang Kshetra Antral). Yah nischit chaurai wala surang kshetra hai jo am taur par 100 m se kam chaura nahin hota. Is kshetra mein koi bhi surang nahin bichai jati hai, jisse ki hamari apni senayein tactical formation (samrik formation) mein surang chetra se guzar saken.

 

(e)       Anti Lifting Device (Surang Marjanrodhi Yukti).  Is Yukti ka istemal isliye kiya jata hai agar dushman mine field ko breech karne ki koshish karta hai to mine uthate hi woh phat jaye aur dushman usko dar ke mare breeching karna chhor de. Surang ko detonate karne ke liye kiya jata hai jiske saath yah juri hoti hai,athwa yadi surang mein  koi badha hota hai to, nazdik ki kisi anya surang ya charge ko detonate karne ke liye  kiya jata hai.

 

Mine Field ki Kismen

 

3.         Surang kshetra ki kismen nimn hain:-

 

(a)       Protective (Bachaw surang chhetra).

(b)       Defensive (Rakshatmak).

(c)        Tactical (Samrik).

 

(d)       Nuisance (Baadha).

(e)       Dummy (Nakli).

 

4.         Protective Mine Field (Bachaw).  Ismein surangon ko avrodhon (obstacles) ke saath jorkar lay kiya jata hai, jisse ki kisi unit ki nikat se sthaniya raksha (local close protection) ki ja sake. In surangon ko unit ke LMG aur RL fire se cover karna chahiye. Defended area mein protective mine field Battalion Commander dwara site kiya jata hai aur Brigade sector mein Brigade Commander dwara site kiya jata hai. Is mine field ko lay karne ki zimmewari signal aur armoured regiment ko chhor kar sabhi ki hoti hai.

 

5.         Defensive Mine Field.  Inmein Formation Commander ki yojana ke anusar surangon ko bichhaya jata hai. Iska uddesh defended areas (rakshit chhetron) ya defended sectors (rakshit sectoron) ke beech penetration (antarwedhan) ko rokna hai, un hisson ki raksha karna hai, jis per paidal sena niyantran nahin kar sakti hai aur sthiti ko majboot banane ke liye bachaw surang ke age ke chetra ki raksha karna hai.In surangon ko fire  dwara Battalion Support Weapons, lambe range wale anti tank weapons aur arty fire dwara cover kiya jata hai.Yah mine field engr dwara baki arms ki madad se lagaya jata hai (Signal aur Armoured regiments ko chhor kar).

 

6.         Tactical Mine Field. Is mein surangon ko prakritik awrodhon ke saath bichhaya jata hai.Iska uddesh shatru ko nirdharit killing grnd ki aur le jana ya jane ke liye majboor karna hai aur raksha vyawastha ke mukhya margon per shatru ko majboor se rokna hai. Is mine field ko fire dwara cover karna mumkin nahin hota, atah aise surang chhetra mein jyada patrolling karni chahiye.Inko lay karne ke liye kafi matra mein stores aur man power ki zarurat hoti hai. Yah Engr dwara lagaya jata hai. Is mein min density 2 A/Tk mines ki honi chahiye. 

 

7.         Nuisance Mine Field.  Is mein bichhai gayi surangon ka mukhya uddesh raksha karne ke bajay shatru ke adv ko rokna hai. Ise bottle necks,defiles aur un raston mein lagaya jata hai jo ki attacker istemal karega. Dushman ke harbours ,assy areas aur FUP mein lagaya jata hai.Inko Engr lagati hai.

 

8.         Dummy Mine Field. Yah ek aisa chhetra hai,jise kisi surang ka roop diya ja sakta hai. Iska uddesh shatru ko dhoka dena hai. Metallic mines aur live mines (dhatwik surang aur sajiw surang) ka roop dene ke liye is chhetra  mein metal (dhatu) ka istemal kiya ja sakta hai.Jab dushman 'mine conscious' (surang jagruk) ho jata hai tab aise mine field kafi faide mand hote hai.

 

Mine ki Kismen

 

9.         Jin mines ko hamein am taur per mine field lagane ka mauka milega uske bare mein jankari di jayegi. Woh mines hain:-

 

(a)       Mine Anti Personnel NMM 14.

(b)       Mine Anti Personnel M 16 A 1.

(c)        Mine Anti Tank ND MK I.

 

 

10.       Mine Anti Personnel NMM14 Aam Bayan

 

 

(a)       Aam Bayan

(i)         Material                      -            Plastic.

(ii)        Type                           -           Blast type.

(iii)       Size                            -            Ht 4cm, dia 5.5cm.

(iv)       Explosive                   -            30 gms (tatrail)

(v)        Total wt                      -            100gms

(vi)       Safety device            -            U clip aur arrow mark 'S' par

(vii)      Igniter principle        -           Diaphragm action

(viii)     Fuze                           -           Detonator M 46 (colour OG)

(ix)       Shipping plug           -           White colour (in round)

(x)        Action                         -             9 kg se zyada.

(xi)       Packing                     -            Ek cylinder mein 8 mines, 8 detonetor ek tin box mein 4  cylinder aur 4 arming wrench M22.

(xii)      Carrying capacity     -           Ek 3 ton mein 6400 mine ya 200 box.

 

11.       Mine Anti Pers M-16 A1

 

(a)       Aam Bayan

(i)         Material                      -           Cast iron.

(ii)        Type              -           Fragmentation (shiping plug ke saath      16 cm).

(iii)       Size               -           Ht with plug 14 cms aur fuze ke saath 20 cms, Dia 10 cm.

(iv)       Explosive                   -           500 gm.

(v)        Total wt                      -           3.6 kg

(vi)       Safety device            -           Safety locking pin, Interlocking pin aur positive safety pin (teenon pinon ka laga hona).   

(vii)      Igniter principal        -           Spring operated pin plate withdrawl.

(viii)     Fuze                           -           Fuze combination M-605.

(ix)       Killing area                -           Up to 32 m all around.

(x)        Danger area              -           Up to 180 m all around.

(xi)       Action                         -           1.5 kg or more pull and 3.5 kg pressure/ wt.

(xii)    Packing                       -           Ek lakdi ke box mein 4  mine, 4 fuze, 4 trip wire spool  aur 1 arming wrench M-25. Total wt 20.4 kg. 

(xiii)     Lorry  load                 -           Ek 3 ton mein 560 mines ya 140 boxes.

 

12.       Mine Anti Tank ND Mk I

 

(a)       Aam Bayan

 

            (i)         Material                      -           Platoonastic

            (ii)        Size                            -           Dia 28 cm,ht 10 cm crown ke  saath ht 18 cm.

            (iii)       Explosive                   -           6.3 kg

            (iv)       Total wt                      -           7.3 kg

(v)        Safety device            -           Safety pin aur sear washer control.

(vi)       Igniter principal        -           Shear washer ka tutna.

(vii)      Packing                     -           Ek box mein 5 mine aur 3 fuze.

(viii)     Total wt                      -           72 kg.

(ix)       Lorry load                  -           Ek 3 ton mein 180 mine ya 30 boxes.

(x)        Action                         -           Crown ke upar 270 kg  aur  prong par 135 kg dabav.

 

13.       Mine field laying party ki nafri is prakar se hai:-

 

(a)       Setting Out Party      :           1 Offr aur 03 OR.

(b)       Marking Party           :           01 NCO aur 05 OR.

(c)        Carrying Party (2)     :           01 NCO aur 02 OR.

(d)       Anti tk Party (2)         :           01 NCO aur 06 OR.

(e)       Anti Pers Party (2)    :           01 NCO aur 05 OR.

(f)        TOTAL                        :           1 OFFR,07 NCO aur 34 OR.

 

Note:-     Navigation party has 01 JCO as commander and 01 OR per strip.

 

14.       Jaise kih ap sabhi ko yah maloom ho gaya hai kih apne defence ke age lagane wale mine Field ko lagane ki zimewari Infantry unit ki hoti hai aur mine field ko uthane yani ke breech karne ki zimewari bhi usi Unit ki hoti hai is liye Infantry ke har jawan aur audhedar ko mine aur mine field ke bare mein gahrai se jankari hona bahut hi zaruri hai. Taaki woh apni aur apane saathiyon ki jan bacha saken. Iske ilawa hamle ke dauran dushman ke mine field ke bich mein rasta bana kar kamyabi haasil kar sake.